EBS Demo 1

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Creating and Attaching an EBS Volume

1. Go to the Volumes section and click on Create Volume.

2. Select the volume type (default is acceptable) and set the volume size to 10 GB. It is essential to choose the correct Availability Zone—here, “us-east-1a”. You may enable encryption as needed, but for this demonstration it remains disabled.

3. Once the volume is created, verify that it appears in the console with an “available” status:

4. Assign a suitable name (for example, “demo volume”). When the volume is available, select it, choose Actions, and then click on Attach Volume. The management console will show EC2 instances within the same Availability Zone—select server one.

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Verifying and Formatting the EBS Volume on Server One

1. List the block devices using:

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   Code:

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   lsblk

   You should see the root device (e.g., xvda) and the new 10GB device (xvdf). An example output:

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   Code:

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   [ec2-user@ip-10-0-8-197 ~]$ lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS xvda 202:0 0 8G 0 disk ├─xvda1 202:1 0 8G 0 part / └─xvda127 259:0 0 1M 0 part └─xvda128 259:1 0 10M 0 part xvdf 202:80 0 10G 0 disk

2. Confirm that the new volume does not yet have a filesystem:

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   Code:

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   sudo file -s /dev/xvdf

   Expected output example:

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   Code:

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   /dev/xvdf: data

3. Format the volume with an XFS filesystem:

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   Code:

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   sudo mkfs -t xfs /dev/xvdf

4. Re-run the file command to confirm the filesystem is now recognized:

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   Code:

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   sudo file -s /dev/xvdf

   Expected output:

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   Code:

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   /dev/xvdf: SGI XFS filesystem data (blksz 4096, inosz 512, v2 dirs)

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Mounting the Filesystem

1. Create a directory (e.g., “ebsdemo”) and mount the device:

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   Code:

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   sudo mkdir /ebsdemo sudo mount /dev/xvdf /ebsdemo

2. Confirm the mount by checking the disk usage:

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   Code:

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   df -k

   Example output:

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   Code:

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   Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on devtmpfs 4096 0 4096 0% /dev tmpfs 486092 0 486092 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 191596 2844 191596 2% /run /dev/xvda1 8310764 1561336 6749428 19% / tmpfs 486096 0 486096 0% /tmp tmpfs 97216 0 97216 0% /run/user/1000 /dev/xvdf 10420224 105704 10314520 2% /ebsdemo

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Configuring /etc/fstab for Persistence

1. Retrieve the unique UUID of the volume:

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   Code:

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   sudo blkid

   Look for the entry corresponding to /dev/xvdf. An example output:

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   Code:

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   /dev/xvdf: UUID=“04fddc8e-3441-4518-986c-a32254c0e925” BLOCK_SIZE=“512” TYPE=“xfs”

2. Edit the /etc/fstab file to add the new entry:

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   Code:

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   sudo vi /etc/fstab

3. Append a new line (do not modify existing entries) similar to the following:

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   Code:

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   UUID=78de5e87-1c4f-4c4a-abba-d469bbc45143 / xfs defaults,noatime 1 1 UUID=2594-F04B /boot/efi vfat defaults,noatime,uid=0,gid=0,umask=0077,shortname=winnt,x-systemd.automount 0 2 UUID=04fddc8e-3441-4518-986c-a32254c0e925 /ebsdemo xfs defaults,nofail

4. Save, exit the editor, and then test the configuration without rebooting:

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   Code:

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   sudo mount -a

5. Confirm the volume is properly mounted:

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   Code:

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   df -k

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Testing the EBS Volume

1. Change to the mounted directory and create a test file:

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   Code:

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   cd /ebsdemo sudo bash -c ‘echo “I made this file on server one” > demo.txt’

2. List the files and display the contents of the test file:

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   Code:

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   ls cat demo.txt

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Detaching and Reattaching the EBS Volume to Another Instance

1. Unmount the Volume on Server One:
   • First, ensure you are outside the mounted directory:

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     Code:

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     cd ~ sudo umount /ebsdemo

   • Verify the unmount using:

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     Code:

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     df -k

2. Detach the Volume via AWS Console:
   • Navigate to the EBS volume details in the AWS Management Console.
   • Select the “demo volume”, click Actions, and then select Detach Volume.

3. Attach the Volume to Server Two:
   • Once detached, select Attach Volume and choose server two. Ensure server two is in the same Availability Zone.
   • Log in to server two and verify the volume attachment by running:

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     Code:

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     lsblk

   • Confirm the presence of the XFS filesystem:

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     Code:

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     sudo file -s /dev/xvdf

4. Mount the Filesystem on Server Two:
   • Create the mount point and mount the volume:

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     Code:

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     sudo mkdir /ebsdemo sudo mount /dev/xvdf /ebsdemo

   • Change into the directory, list the files, and display the test file content:

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     Code:

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     cd /ebsdemo ls cat demo.txt

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Conclusion